What Is Strength and Endurance Training?
- Strength Training
The process of improving muscle force production through resistance-based activities.
Targets specific muscle groups (e.g., core, lower extremities) to enhance joint stability, postural control, and functional mobility. - Endurance Training
The ability of muscles or the cardiovascular system to sustain activity over time.
Includes:- Muscular endurance – repeated contractions over time (e.g., walking, climbing stairs).
- Cardiovascular endurance – the ability of the heart and lungs to support prolonged physical activity.
What Does Difficulty In This Area Look Like?
- Muscle Weakness or Hypotonia
Reduced ability to generate force; seen as slouching, difficulty maintaining posture, or collapsing during weight-bearing. - Fatigue with Minimal Activity
Tires quickly during play, walking, or transitions; may need frequent breaks. - Poor Postural Control
Difficulty maintaining upright sitting or standing; relies on external support or compensatory strategies. - Delayed Motor Milestones
Trouble with tasks such as crawling, jumping, climbing stairs, or running due to insufficient strength or stamina. - Compensatory Movement Patterns
Uses inefficient or asymmetrical movements to complete tasks, which may increase injury risk or delay motor learning.
How Can PT Help Build These Skills?
- Progressive Resistance Training
Use of body weight, resistance bands, or pediatric-appropriate equipment to improve muscle strength safely. - Core and Postural Stability Exercises
Activities that enhance trunk control and proximal stability for functional movements like walking, reaching, or sitting. - Task-Specific Strengthening
Incorporates functional play-based movements (e.g., squats, step-ups, wheelbarrow walking) to target multiple muscle groups. - Aerobic Conditioning
Structured cardiovascular activities such as obstacle courses, bike riding, or walking programs to build endurance. - Motor Planning and Coordination Drills
Improve neuromuscular control and energy efficiency through repetitive, structured movement tasks. - Use of Play-Based and Age-Appropriate Activities
Engaging games and challenges designed to encourage sustained activity and increase participation. - Parent and Caregiver Training
Home programs that promote consistency in strengthening and endurance-building activities outside of therapy.